“Networking”
(essay-6)
In information technology,
networking is the construction, design, and use of a network, including the physical
(cabling, hub, bridge, switch, router, and so forth), the selection and
use of telecommunication protocol and computer software for
using and managing the network, and the establishment of operation policies and
procedures related to the network.
Today the world scenario is changing.
Data Communication and network have changed the way business and other daily
affair works. Now, they rely on computer networks and internetwork. A node can
be a device which is capable of sending or receiving data generated by other
nodes on the network like a computer, printer etc.
Networking
is a vital factor for the successful working of information systems. There are
various networking systems, i.e., Television networks. Railway networks, Post
and Telegraph networks and Computer networks. But the contributions of computer
networking are significant. In a computer networking, computers are connected
with one another for sharing programs, data's, documents etc. or in short
information's.
Computer network systems are mainly two types.
i.e.
(a) The Local Area Network (LAN) for
smart
distance with a high data transfer rate.
(b) The Wide Area Network (WAN) for
greater
physical distance with a low transfer rate.
With tremendous revolution in micro computer
(PC) in early eighties, the LAN system gained its momentum.
The LAN system in a PC can work within a short
distance, i.e., with the same floor in a building or in different floors of the
same building through cable networking. LANs consist of workstations that are
connected to a control computer called FILE SERVER (special purpose
computer).The file server is.
The central node of any of the network systems
that sends instructions to the workstations. Actually workstations are the
nodal computers and the users use it for executing their application programs
locally. The work stations send request to the central node i.e., file server
for receiving the desired instructions.
LANS network topologies are of three types
i.e., (a) star, (b) ring and (c) bus. Network technology is the method by which
various terminals/stations are connected with each other. LAN can be connected
to larger networks including mainframe computers. This gives the users of LANS
access to enormous computing power and excellent communication facilities.
Computerization in banking system is the best example of LAN network.
When computer system connections cover a long
distance or larger geographical area like intercity, intercity or countries to
share information's, the configuration is called Wide Area Network (WAN). This
is basically are extensions of LAN through telephone links and satellite
connections. A Router (special purpose computer) and software’s are required to
establish the link.
Finally, Today the world scenario is changing. Data Communication and
network have changed the way business and other daily affair works. Now, they
rely on computer networks and internetwork. Computer network is a
telecommunication channel through which we can share our data. It is also
called data network. The best example of computer network is Internet. Computer
network does not mean a system with control unit and other systems as its
slave. It is called a distributed system
